I get a lot of SharePoint work, much of it involves wrestling SharePoint and responding to issues. Here is a quick tip for anyone who encounters this error message:

The attempted operation is prohibited because it exceeds the list view threshold enforced by the administrator.
The solution (if you just wanna run your queries) is to go to SharePoint Central Admin > Manage Web Apps > [Your App] > General Settings > Resource Throttling.
Here you’ll find query limits set for users and admins. The tricky part is that Admins start at 20000 while users start at 5000. This means that your users may experience a problem you’ll be unable to recreate.